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This geophysical technique has proven its value in imaging the oceanic structures with an unprecedent detail both in the horizontal and vertical directions in different basins worldwide ( Holbrook et al., 2003 Hobbs et al., 2007 Ruddick et al., 2009 Pinheiro et al., 2010).
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Seismic oceanography (SO) is an interdisciplinary research field that uses common marine multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) data to capture high-resolution images of the ocean’s thermohaline structure. Therefore, quasi-synoptic measurements of simultaneously vertical and lateral high resolutions require detailed planning and the combination of several probing devices, which are not globally available to sample the ocean ( Pascual et al., 2017). Yet, ocean measurements at high resolutions are limited to fixed point probes or profiling devices. A preliminary interpretation of these probabilistic models agrees with the expected ocean dynamics of the region.įine-scale ocean processes happening on ranges from a few meters to a few kilometers have a profound impact on turbulent dynamics, on the ocean energy budget, on primary production and ecosystems, on gas and tracer exchange, and ultimately on the global ocean circulation and climate (e.g., Wunsch and Ferrari, 2004 Mahadevan, 2016). After the inversion, Bayesian classification was applied to all temperature and salinity models inverted during the last iteration to predict the spatial distribution of three distinct water masses. Due to the lack of contemporaneous direct measurements of temperature and salinity we used a global ocean model as spatial constraint during the inversion and nearby contemporaneous ARGO data to infer the expected statistical properties of both model parameters. We then developed and applied an iterative geostatistical seismic oceanography inversion methodology to predict the spatial distribution of temperature and salinity. The migrated seismic oceanography section shows an eddy at the expected Mediterranean Outflow Water depths, steeply dipping reflectors, which indicate the possible presence of frontal activity or secondary dipping eddy structures, and strong horizontal reflections between intermediate water masses suggestive of double diffuse processes. The processing sequence was developed to preserve, as much as possible, the relative seismic amplitudes of the data and enhance the shallow structure of the water column by effectively suppressing the direct arrival. The seismic section was processed to image in detail the fine scale structure of the water column using seismic oceanography. 3Department of Geology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New ZealandĪ two-dimensional multichannel seismic reflection profile acquired in the Madeira Abyssal Plain during June 2016 was used in a modeling workflow comprising seismic oceanography processing, geostatistical inversion and Bayesian classification to predict the probability of occurrence of distinct water masses.2Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.1CERENA/DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.Leonardo Azevedo 1*, Luís Matias 2, Francesco Turco 3, Renan Tromm 2 and Álvaro Peliz 2
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